What does gradient percentage mean?

A 10% gradient means the road rises 10 metres for every 100 metres of horizontal distance. It does not mean the road is at a 10-degree angle.

What is a steep gradient for cycling?

Most cyclists find 6-8% challenging, 10-12% very hard, and 15%+ extremely steep. Professional races regularly feature 10-15% gradients.

Gradient (%) = tan(angle) x 100. A 10% gradient is about 5.7 degrees. A 45-degree slope would be a 100% gradient.

Calculate road gradient from elevation change and distance.

Elevation Change

Positive for uphill, negative for downhill

Horizontal Distance

Calculate your power-to-weight ratio in watts per kilogram.

Estimate cycling speed from power output accounting for all resistances.

Calculate the power needed to climb at a given speed and gradient.

Calculate aerodynamic drag force at different speeds.

Estimate your drag coefficient area from field test data.

Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify results and consult a professional bike fitter where appropriate.